IGCSE Development Studies: Specimen Questions with Answers 13 - 14 of 98

Explanation

Poverty is the state where one lacks socially acceptable amount or possessions in material. When the people lack the basic means to satisfy their basic needs is referred to as poverty. Basic needs refer to the needs required for survival or the needs which represents the standard of living prevailing in a country. Some examples of poverty are-

• Poor health
• Low level of education
• Inability to work
• High rate of disorderly behavior
• Lack of food, clothing, and shelter

The income of the people is so low that the basic human needs cannot be met. Every country has its own threshold level of poverty which is used in the determination of how many people in a country are affected by poverty. Poverty is of various types like- Absolute poverty, relative poverty, Situational poverty, generational poverty, rural poverty, and urban poverty. Thus, poverty is a multifaceted which includes social, economic, and political elements.

Explanation

The Different Measures to Improve Farming Are

• Vertical Farming: It is a sustainable method to bring about revolution in the agricultural sector as it lowers the use of water to 70 % and saves soil and land space. This innovation in the farming is helping farmers to grow crop in such difficult environmental conditions.
• Hydroponic: It is method of growing plants without soil which is gaining importance in recent times. It allows the plants to grow in the presence of nutrients that are essential for the growth of soil.
• Varieties selection: New and improved variety of crops that are heat tolerant allows increasing the productivity of crops.
• Farm management software: Managing farm with proper tracking system. It helps to control farming activities to analyze the usage of inputs and the expenditure to identify the weak points and improve them.