IGCSE Development Studies: Specimen Questions with Answers 87 - 88 of 98

Explanation

Employment structure refers to how the work is divided among three main sectors of employment:

• Primary sector
• Secondary sector
• Tertiary sector

In the early stages of development countries have a high percentage of population engaged in the agriculture sector. Then as the country develops further it shifts its employment structure from primary to secondary i.e.. from agricultural to Industrial and in the final stage of development of a country a country undergoes the growth in tertiary sector i.e.. the service sector. Employment structure of countries is usually displayed through pie charts. They are the diagrams that show the percentage of each sector in a society and the percentage of each sector changes as a country՚s development level increases.

Explanation

A condition in which everyone appears working but no one is fully employed. This is the situation of underemployment. People affected by such type of employment are not able to utilize their potential and capacity in full.

Underemployment Exist in the Primary Sector Because

• In this sector comprises the poorest section of society in majority.
• People engaged in this sector are illiterate or semi-literate.