IGCSE Development Studies: Specimen Questions with Answers 87 - 88 of 98

Explanation

Primary Decreases

• For farm workers mechanization reduces and rural workers migrate to the urban area.
• Raw materials exhaust which leads to loss in mining jobs
• Rural population decreases due to migration and people prefer better paid and less physical activity jobs.

Secondary Increases First then Decrease

• Initially industrialization requires large number of workforces
• Automation replaces factory jobs
• Movement of manufacturing industries from MEDCs to NICs where availability of land and labor is cheaper.

Tertiary Increase

• In urban areas the service sector is large and growing.
• With the development of a country demand for service increases like education, tourism, heath.
• Growth of jobs in the MEDCs in the knowledge economy which based on information and knowledge processing.
• Increase is producer services.

Explanation

“Maximum GDP is coming from tertiary sector but the share of employment is in the primary sector” because of the following reasons-

• Less creation of jobs: This situation is because not enough jobs are created in the secondary and tertiary sectors.
• Production is more in comparison to jobs: Industrial production of goods might increase but the number of jobs created in the industries is less in comparison to it.
• Low employment level in the tertiary sector: In the tertiary sector production may rise but employment is less. As a result, more than half of the population on the primary sector, which contributes a lesser amount in the GDP.