IGCSE Biology Paper-3: Specimen Questions with Answers 313 - 314 of 358

Passage

Fig. is a drawing of a cross-section of a root.

Cross Section of a Root

Question 313 (1 of 3 Based on Passage)

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Identify and label the structures on Fig. 28.1 using label lines and the labels:

  • root hair
  • phloem
  • xylem.
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Explanation

T. S. Of Root
  • Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption.
  • Xylem is the specialized tissue of vascular plants that transports water and nutrients from the plant – soil interface to stems and leaves, and provides mechanical support and storage. The water-conducting function of xylem is one of the major distinguishing features of vascular plants.
  • Phloem is the vascular tissue in charge of transport and distribution of the organic nutrients. The phloem is also a pathway to signaling molecules and has a structural function in the plant body.

Question 314 (2 of 3 Based on Passage)

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Xylem is an example of a plant tissue.

This list shows examples of tissues, organs, and organ systems in humans.

Complete Table using the examples from the list.

Using the Examples from the List
tissueorganorgan system
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Explanation

Xylem is an Example of a Plant Tissue
tissueorganorgan system
FatHeart

Lungs

Kidney

Nervous system
  • Tissues: A tissue, such as bone, nerve or muscle in animals, and epidermis, xylem, or pith in plants, is made up of many hundreds of cells often of a single type. The cells of each type have a similar structure and function so that the tissue itself can be said to have a particular function; for example, muscles contract to cause movement, xylem carries water in plants.
  • Organs: Organs consist of several tissues grouped together to make a structure with a special function. For example, the stomach is an organ which contains tissues made from epithelial cells, gland cells and muscle cells. These cells are supplied with food and oxygen brought by blood vessels. The stomach also has a nerve supply. The heart, lungs, intestines, brain, and eyes are further examples of organs in animals. In flowering plants, the root, stem, and leaves are the organs. The tissues of the leaf include epidermis, palisade tissue, spongy tissue, xylem, and phloem.
  • Organ systems: An organ system usually refers to a group of organs whose functions are closely related. For example, the heart and blood vessels make up the circulatory system; the brain, spinal cord and nerves make up the nervous system. In a flowering plant, the stem, leaves, and buds make up a system called the shoot.