A-AS Level (CIE) Psychology: Specimen Questions with Answers 153 - 154 of 299

Question number: 153

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Define Prosocial behavior from Altruism (marks 4)

Explanation

Prosocial behavior- Action by individuals that help others with no immediate benefit to the others. For example Mr. X helped the couple in the car, saving them from certain harm

Altruism- Individuals help others purely out of the regard and the motivation to help others without benefit to their oneself. For example a person who donate blood for a person anonymously

Question number: 154

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List out the characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (Mark 3)

Explanation

  • Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder which leads to a decrement in language processing ability. This disease primarily afflicts elderly persons and causes progressive, diffused and irreversible damage to the cortical regions of the brain impacting markedly on memory functions

  • Comparison between the language decrements due to the dementing effects of Alzheimer’s disease and those noted for the aphasics is useful because the average onset of Alzheimer’s disease overlaps that of aphasias

  • The language of an Alzheimer’s patient is marked by a striking simplification process where in words that once precisely described some event are now lost and are replaced by more general terms because of a fundamental loss of categorical organization in semantic memory

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