A-AS Level (CIE) Psychology: Specimen Questions with Answers 149 - 150 of 299

Question 149

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Define vicarious reinforcement (Marks 3)

Explanation

Learning or strengthening a behavior by observing of others, and the consequences of that behavior, rather than experiencing the reinforcement or consequences directly.

Define Vicarious Reinforcement

Question 150

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Explain the role of reward system in HRD (Marks 5)

Explanation

Rewarding employee performance and behavior is an important part of HRD.

  • Appropriate rewards are not only recognize and motivate employees, they also communicate the organization՚s values to the employees.
  • In HRD systems, innovations and use of capabilities are rewarded in order to encourage the acquisition and application of positive attitudes and skills
  • Typical rewards include certificates of appreciation, newsletter announcements, increases in salary, bonuses and special privileges and desired training
  • Promotions generally are not considered as rewards because promotions decisions are based on appraisals of potentials whereas most rewards are based on performance
  • Rewards may be given to teams, departments and other units within the organization as well as to individuals
Rewarding Employee Performance and Behavior

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