A-AS Level (CIE) Psychology: Specimen Questions with Answers 273 - 274 of 299
Question 273
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Short Answer▾What are the symptom subtype of obsessions and associated compulsions? (Marks 8)
Explanation
Symptom subtype of Obsessions and Compulsions are as follows
- Symmetry-Obsessions- Needing things to be symmetrical/urges to do things over and over until they feel “just right”
- Symmetry-Compulsions- Putting things in a certain order/Repeating rituals
- Forbidden thoughts or actions (sexual/aggressive/religious) - Obsessions- Fears or urges to harm self or others
- Forbidden thoughts or actions (sexual/aggressive/religious) - Compulsions- Avoidance/Repeated requests for reassurance
- Cleaning/contamination-Obsessions- Fear of germs or contamination
- Cleaning/contamination-Compulsions-Repetitive or excessive washing, using gloves to do daily tasks
- Hoarding-Obsessions-Fear of throwing anything away
- Hoarding-Compulsions-Collecting/saving objects with little or no actual sentiment value such as food wrappings
Question 274
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Short Answer▾Give a detailed account of language acquisition of a second language (Mark 8)
Explanation
- Languages are learnt at different ages, in different situations and up to very different levels of competence.
- A significant factor believed to contribute to acquisition of language is ‘age’ . Research has shown that some aspects of a second language, such as vocabulary, comprehension and fluency seem to be acquired as well after adolescence as before.
- The mastery of native like pronunciation, however seems to depend on early acquisition. In any case there do not appear to be critical periods for second language acquisition
- Adults may appear to have a harder time learning second languages because they retain their native language as their dominant language
- Young children in contrast, who typically need to attend school in new language, may have to switch dominant language. Thus they learn the new language to a higher level of mastery